Tuesday, September 29, 2015

Introduction

Introduction 

          In this book search project, I will mainly be focusing on global warming/climate change, human impact on natural landscape, and the depletion of resources worldwide. I chose these subtopics because they greatly interested me because they are a very hotly debated topic with lots of obtainable information, as well as they are very relatable to the "humanized environment". To prepare for this project, I searched for ten recently written books that described in great detail my topic and subtopics, two of which cover almost all of the subtopics and are a great research tool for my project. 
               My first choice book is The Bridge at the Edge of  the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability by James Gustave Speth. The reason that I chose this book is because it accurately depicts, in detail, the threats to our environment caused by humanity. Speth describes how humanity is on a downward slope to our doom by saying if we continue to do exactly what we are doing, with halted growth in the human population or world economy, the world in the later part of the century will be unfit to live in. 
               My second choice book is The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History by Elizabeth Kolbert. The reason that I chose this book is because it talks about the five mass extinctions in the last half-billion years of Earth's history, and how the next mass extinction may be right around the corner. Scientists have been monitoring the looming sixth extinction, comparing it to the prior mass extinction of the dinosaurs. Kolbert writes about how humans have been altering the environment in a way no species has before, which only decreases the time until the imminent extinction of humankind's great legacy. 

Book # 10: Nature's Civil War: Common Soldiers and the Environment in 1862 Virginia - by Kathryn Shively Meier

Trevor Jones 
9/29/15

  • Series: Civil War America
  • Paperback: 240 pages
  • Publisher: The University of North Carolina Press (August 1, 2015)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 1469626497
  • ISBN-13: 978-1469626499

Professional Review: 
"Successfully refreshes the common soldier scholarship and launches a worthy discussion of their approaches to health care and the environment."
--H-War

Customer Review: 
"I was required to read this text for a MA in History course and I must say that I enjoyed the book thoroughly. Meier did a fantastic job linking the Virginia Campaigns to the environment that produce so much sickness in Confederate and Union ranks alike. Although it is not comprehensive by any means, she does not claim the text to be, it gives a great overview of medical practices before and during the war. Self care was a valid concern and practice among the soldiers and deserves to be discussed. What's interesting here is that she seems to be able to link the cases of straggling with the issue of self care and preservation at least minimally. More research will obviously be needed to confirm this however one cannot overlook the correlation. Her research was fantastic, primary and secondary sources used purposefully, and weaved together masterfully. Highly recommend to those Civil War buffs out there who want to go beyond the campaigns and into camp life." 

Why I chose this book: 
I chose this book because it gives a good description on how the environment can be harsh, and how people play a role in altering it to suit their needs. This book teaches the reader a very common example of how the environment can be modified to suit the needs of humans, in this case, with the drive of survival. 


Book #9: The Control of Nature - by John McPhee

  • Trevor Jones
  • 9/29/15

  • File Size: 825 KB
  • Print Length: 290 pages
  • Publisher: Farrar, Straus and Giroux; Reprint edition (April 1, 2011)
  • Publication Date: April 1, 2011
  • Sold by: Macmillan
  • Language: English
  • ASIN: B005E8AJT0

Professional Review: 
"Some of his passages left me gasping for breath…This book gave me more pure enjoyment than anything I've read in a long time."
--Christopher Shaw, The Washington Post Book World

Customer Review: 
"The Control of Nature is a collection of three long esssays about people trying to engineer their way around forces of nature. The first one about control of the Mississippi river to keep it in the current streambed, the second about anticipating volcanic activity in Iceland and the last one dealing with the literal moving of mountains as Los Angeles population pressure pushes people to bulid in the San Gaberial Mountains of California. McPhee, as always, tries to stay in the background and let the participants speak on the page, but there is no mistaking his memorably vivid descriptions of people or nature. His prose are first rate with an eye for compelling detail. The book itself is a quick, thrilling read that leaves the reader with a better understanding of unsung heroes and follies. My favorite McPhee. A warning about some of McPhee's other books: My eyes seem to always glaze over when I attempt one of his "rock talk" full length books on geology."

Why I chose this book:
I chose this book because it tells of the many ways that people have tried to control nature. This book teaches the readers about the strategies that humans used over the years in order to make use out of, and control the environment.

 

Book #8: The Bridge at the Edge of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability - by James Gustave Speth

Trevor Jones 
9/29/15

  • File Size: 2545 KB
  • Print Length: 320 pages
  • Publisher: Yale University Press; 1st edition (March 28, 2008)
  • Publication Date: March 28, 2008
  • Sold by: Amazon Digital Services, Inc.
  • Language: English
  • ASIN: B001B1HQI6

Professional Review: 
"An extremely important book both for what it says and for who is saying it. The steady transformation of a solid, pragmatic, progressive negotiator into a 'radical and unrealistic' oracle concerned with the fundamental nature of modern economies is an important event."
—Richard Norgaard, University of California, Berkeley

Customer Review: 
"As do other current writers such as Thomas Homer-Dixon and David Korten, James Speth sees us heading for catastrophe in the way we're over-using and over-polluting the earth, but holds out hope that we may yet turn back from the brink of destruction. He attributes our predicament to an economic system based on little more than constant growth, which in turns requires ever more extraction from the earth; weak or nonexistent government leadership; and an environmental movement that has been less "movement" and more an insider operation that down deep believes a) the government can and will eventually do the right thing and b) there won't be need for drastic redirection of our economic and political systems or serious change in our way of living.
Speth calls for a rediscovery of the true meaning of life (relationships, service, enjoyment of leisure, etc.)--and orienting our economic pursuits around this; a new form of participatory democracy that takes back our country from the corporate-led government we currently "enjoy"; ending over $850 billion in annual global subsidies for "perverse" practices such as overfishing the seas; developing an economic model that incorporates environmental care, human rights and worker well-being at its core; and international treaties with "teeth" to enforce environmental protection of critical habitats and endangered species and ecosystems.
This is a depressing book in that it clearly lays out the challenges facing us; it is hopeful in that it does provide a "bridge" to get us from this world to the next. It's up to us to build it and then be ready to walk over it."


Why I chose this book:
I chose this book because it accurately describes how we will lead the world to its doom: by doing exactly what we are now. This book teaches the reader exactly how human activities are taking a toll on the environment and how they are driving us to the end of the world we know today.  

Book #7: Water: The Fate of Our Most Precious Research - by Marq deVilliers

Trevor Jones
9/29/15

  • File Size: 3957 KB
  • Print Length: 368 pages
  • Publisher: Mariner Books; 1st Mariner Books Ed edition (July 12, 2001)
  • Publication Date: July 12, 2001
  • Sold by: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
  • Language: English
  • ASIN: B004NSV95U 

Professional Review: 
"Water is a curious thing, observed the economist Adam Smith: although it is vital to life, it costs almost nothing, whereas diamonds, which are useless for survival, cost a fortune. In Water, Canadian journalist de Villiers says the resource is still undervalued, but it is becoming more precious. It's not that the world is running out of water, he adds, but that "it's running out in places where it's needed most."De Villiers examines the checkered history of humankind's management of water--which, he hastens to remind us, is not a renewable resource in many parts of the world. One of them is the Nile River region, burdened by overpopulation. Another is the Sahara, where Libyan ruler Muammar Qaddafi is pressing an ambitious, and potentially environmentally disastrous, campaign to mine deep underground aquifers to make the desert green. Another is northern China, where the damaging effects of irrigation have destroyed once-mighty rivers, and the Aral Sea of Central Asia, which was killed within a human lifetime. And still another is the American Southwest, where crops more fitting to a jungle than a dry land are nursed. De Villiers travels to all these places, reporting on what he sees and delivering news that is rarely good.
De Villiers has a keen eye for detail and a solid command of the scientific literature on which his argument is based. He's also a fine storyteller, and his wide-ranging book makes a useful companion to Marc Reisner's classic Cadillac Desert and other works that call our attention to a globally abused--and vital--resource."
 --Gregory McNamee

Customer Review: 
"I rank this book as being among the top ten I have read in the decade, for the combined reason that its topic concerns our survival, and its author has done a superior job of integrating both scholarly research (with full credit to those upon whose work he builds) and what must be a unique background of actually having traveled to the specific desolate areas that comprise the heart of this book-from the Aral Sea ("the exposed seabed, now over 28,000 square kilometers, became a stew of salt, pesticide residues, and toxic chemicals; the strong winds in the region pick up more than 40 million tons of these poisonous sediments each year, and the contaminated dust storms that follow have caused the incidence of respiratory illnesses and cancers to explode.") to the heart of China ("According to China's own figures, between 1983 and 1990 the number of cities short of water tripled to three hundred, almost half the cities in the country; those who problem was described as 'serious' rose from forty to one hundred." The author provides a thoughtful and well-structured look at every corner of the world, with special emphasis on the Middle East, the Tigris-Euphrates System, the Nile, the Americas, and China; and at the main human factors destroying our global water system: pollution, dams (that silt up and prevent nutrients from going downstream or flooding from rejuvenating the lower lands), irrigation (leading to salination such that hundreds of thousands of acres are now infertile and being taken out of production), over-engineering, and excessive water mining from aquifers, which are in serious danger of drying up in key areas in the US as well as overseas within the next twenty years. The author provides a balanced and well-documented view overall. The bottom line is clear: we are close to a tipping point toward catastrophe but solution are still within our grasp, and they require, not world government, but a virtual world system that permits the integrated management of all aspects of water demand as well supply. This book should be required reading for every college student and every executive and every government employee at local, state, and federal levels; and every citizen."


Why I chose this book: 
I chose this book because it gives a wonderful insight on how we use, and misuse our earths most precious resource. This book teaches the reader exactly how we are abusing water all around the world, and that they will eventually be an end to our precious resource. 

Book #6: The Fate of the Forests: Developers, Destroyers, and Defenders of the Amazon (Updated Version) - by Suzanne B. Hecht

Trevor Jones 
9/28/15

  • File Size: 2619 KB
  • Print Length: 412 pages
  • Page Numbers Source ISBN: B00EDZ70BU
  • Publisher: University of Chicago Press; Updated edition (January 15, 2011)
  • Publication Date: January 15, 2011
  • Sold by: Amazon Digital Services, Inc.
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0226322734
  • ISBN-13: 978-0226322735
  • ASIN: B009PS2JEI


Professional Review: 
"Hecht's and Cockburn's historical viewpoint is illuminating.... They are to be congratulated."                
  -Nature

Customer Review: 
"In "The Fate of the Forest", independent journalists Susanna Hecht and Alexander Cockburn guide us deep into the Amazon rainforest, helping us to better understand the social, economic, ecological, and political dynamics of this threatened bioregion with its diverse tropical plant life, endangered species, and indigenous peoples. Along the way, we meet a myriad of environmental activists, union organizers, and indigenous leaders who are standing up bravely to the multinational corporations destroying the forest. If you care at all about the planet, it will sicken you to read about the clear-cutting of the forest for cattle ranches and soy plantations and how mining companies are contaminating the rivers, fish, and native peoples with mercury. Really, this is a great book, one that every environmentalist needs to read. I highly recommend it."

Why I chose this book: 
I chose this book because it describes the impact humans have had on the deforestation of the rainforest, which is a major part of humans impact on the environment. This book teaches the reader how the rainforest benifits humanity and how we are destroying it.

Book #5: Asphalt Nation: How the Automobile Took Over America and How We Can Take It Back - by Jane Holtz Kay

Trevor Jones
9/28/15

  • File Size: 5902 KB
  • Print Length: 434 pages
  • Publisher: Crown; 1st edition (June 20, 2012)
  • Publication Date: June 20, 2012
  • Sold by: Random House LLC
  • Language: English
  • ASIN: B00A1P097I

Professional Review: 
"Commuters, here's some food for thought: collectively, Americans spend more than 8 billion hours each year stuck in traffic. This is just one of the horrifying statistics mentioned in Jane Holtz Kay's Asphalt Nation, an eye-opening look at the relationship between Americans and their cars. Kay asserts that the automobile is destroying our communities, our environment, and our economic competitiveness, and her supporting arguments are pretty persuasive. In addition to the billions of hours wasted in gridlock, Kay notes that our daily drives are becoming longer and more frequent, and that increased mileage has nullified any advances in emission controls.  What makes Asphalt Nation far more interesting than the typical anti-auto diatribe is Kay's discussion of the cultural mores that helped create America's current car glut--namely, our attitudes toward land use and growth management; her comparisons between American and European practices in these areas are particularly interesting. Others have written about the American love affair with the automobile, but Holtz revisits the discussion with lively writing and a dramatic narrative."
-Amazon.com Review 

Customer Review: 
"Aside from the obvious environmental issues of pollution and the consumption of natural resources described by the author, the more compelling sections of the book relate to the social costs of automobile dependency. Among these are the destruction of some of the nation's finest architecture in cities such as Boston and Detroit to make way for highwayws,roads and parking lots, the second class status assigned to public transportation, particularly railroads and subways which serve to break automobile dependency, and the lack of suitable space for pedestrians and bicyclists in cities and towns designed to accomodate the automobile and further dependency. The point is well made that the Amish reject the automobile not because the internal combustion engine is intrinsically evil, but that the automobile serves to break social ties and alienate fellow human beings - all one need do is to observe the typical American suburb to see this prophecy fulfilled. What we are left with in the end are "uglified" cities, congested roadways, lack of accessability for those who choose not to drive, and "carchitecture" (to steal a term from the book), that undifferentiated, generic, plastic looking architecture built along roadways, and also in residential subdivisions which serve the automobile. How many "environmental" issues have I mentioned? These are societal ills. The wanton destruction of our architectural heritage, the dumbing down of our aesthetic appreciation, the lack of societal ties, are the results of decades of poor social policy and the influence of the automobile industry's powerful lobby upon it. We are a nation that needs to preserve and protect our social and cultural heritage and identity."

Why I chose this book: 
I chose this book because it talks about the one topic that I believe describes humanities' effect on the landscape: roads and automobiles. This book teaches the reader about how automobiles are a negative impact on the environment for multiple reasons, and how they've paved their way through our nation's landscape.